Master Exercise Form

Perfect technique = more gains, zero injuries. Learn the cues that actually matter.

Beginner 6 lessons

Created by , founder of TTrening.com

What You'll Achieve

You'll perform every major lift with confidence and zero fear of injury. Setup, execution, and common mistakes — all covered.

Module 1

Lower Body Essentials

The squat and deadlift — two exercises that build the most muscle

The Squat: King of All Exercises

80% of gym-goers squat wrong. Most don't know it until their knees give out.

The squat is the most functional movement in fitness. You squat to sit, to pick things up, to use the toilet. Master this, and you've built a foundation for everything else.

Setup Checklist

  1. Bar position: High bar (on traps) or low bar (on rear delts). Both work — pick one.
  2. Feet: Shoulder width or slightly wider. Toes pointed out 15-30°.
  3. Grip: Hands close as mobility allows. Elbows down, not back.
  4. Core: Big breath into belly. Brace like you're about to get punched.

The Descent

  • Initiate: Push hips back AND bend knees simultaneously.
  • Knees: Track over toes. Pushing out slightly is fine.
  • Depth: Hip crease below knee (parallel minimum). Deeper if mobility allows.
  • Back: Maintain neutral spine. Slight forward lean is natural.
Common Mistakes

Knees caving in (weak glutes), heels rising (ankle mobility), rounding lower back (going too deep), looking up (strains neck). Fix these one at a time.

Pro Tip

Can't hit depth without rounding? Put 5lb plates under your heels. Or get squat shoes. It's not cheating — it's working around your anatomy.

Film yourself squatting from the side. Check: back angle, depth, heel position. Fix one thing at a time.

Squat nailed. Now the other king of lifts. Next: The deadlift.

The Deadlift: Pick Things Up, Put Them Down

"Deadlifts are dangerous." No. Bad deadlifts are dangerous. Good deadlifts build bulletproof backs.

The deadlift trains your entire posterior chain — glutes, hamstrings, back, traps. It's the most weight you'll ever lift. Respect it, learn it, love it.

Setup (The Most Important Part)

  1. Foot position: Bar over mid-foot. Feet hip-width apart.
  2. Grip: Just outside legs. Double overhand until grip fails, then switch or hook grip.
  3. Hinge: Push hips back, grab bar, then drop hips until shins touch bar.
  4. Back: Flat. Not rounded, not hyper-extended. Pull slack out of bar.
  5. Chest: "Show the logo on your shirt" — lifts chest, sets back.

The Pull

  • Drive: Push floor away with legs. Bar stays close to body.
  • Hips and shoulders: Rise at same rate. Hips don't shoot up first.
  • Lockout: Squeeze glutes, stand tall. Don't lean back.
  • Lower: Hinge first, bend knees once bar passes them.
Common Mistakes

Rounding lower back (setup issue), bar drifting forward (not close enough), hips shooting up (weak quads or wrong start position), jerking the bar (pull slack out first).

The Golden Rule

If your lower back rounds, the weight is too heavy. Period. Ego aside, drop the weight and fix form.

Practice setup with empty bar 10 times before adding weight. The setup determines everything.
Module 2

Upper Body Essentials

Bench press, rows, and pull-ups — the foundation of upper body strength

The Bench Press: Chest Day Foundation

"How much do you bench?" The most asked question in fitness. Here's how to actually get strong at it.

The bench press builds chest, shoulders, and triceps. But it's also the most butchered exercise in the gym. Proper setup is 80% of the lift.

Setup (Creates Stability)

  1. Feet: Flat on floor, driven into ground. Creates tension.
  2. Glutes: Squeezed and on bench. Slight arch is natural.
  3. Shoulder blades: Retracted and depressed. "Put them in your back pockets."
  4. Grip: 1.5x shoulder width. Wrists stacked over elbows.
  5. Bar position: Over eyes at start. Unrack with straight arms.

The Movement

  • Lower: Controlled descent. Bar touches mid-chest (nipple line).
  • Elbow angle: 45-75° from body. Not flared at 90°.
  • Pause: Brief touch, no bounce. Maintain tension.
  • Press: Drive through floor, press bar back toward face in slight arc.
Common Mistakes

Flat shoulder blades (unstable, hurts shoulders), bouncing bar off chest (cheating), flared elbows (shoulder impingement), lifting butt off bench (losing leg drive).

Pro Tip

Always use a spotter or safety pins. The bench press is the only lift that can kill you. Don't be a statistic.

Practice the setup with empty bar. Hold the bottom position for 3 seconds. Feel the tension in your upper back.

Rows & Pull-ups: Build a Thick Back

You can't see your back, so you don't train it properly. That's why 90% of people have weak backs.

Your back has more muscle than your chest. Train it at least 2:1 versus pressing. It prevents shoulder injuries and creates that V-taper everyone wants.

Barbell Row

  • Setup: Hinge at hips, back flat, chest up. Bar hangs at arm's length.
  • Pull: Lead with elbows. Pull to lower chest/upper abs.
  • Squeeze: Pause at top. Feel shoulder blades pinch together.
  • Lower: Controlled descent. Full stretch at bottom.

Pull-ups

  • Grip: Just outside shoulder width. Full hang at bottom.
  • Initiate: Depress shoulders first, then pull.
  • Top: Chin over bar minimum. Chest to bar is better.
  • Lower: Controlled descent. Don't just drop.
The Mind-Muscle Cue

Don't think "pull with arms." Think "drive elbows behind you." This shifts focus to lats where it belongs.

Common Mistakes

Using momentum (ego weight), not going full range, shrugging shoulders up (traps take over), pulling too high (biceps dominant).

Do 3 sets of rows with a 2-second pause at the top. If you can't pause, the weight is too heavy.
Module 3

Overhead & Safety

The overhead press and injury prevention principles

The Overhead Press: True Upper Body Strength

Before bench press existed, pressing overhead was THE test of upper body strength. It still should be.

The overhead press builds boulder shoulders, strong triceps, and serious core stability. It's harder than bench because you can't use leg drive or bounce.

Setup

  1. Grip: Just outside shoulder width. Wrists stacked.
  2. Bar position: On front delts, touching collarbones.
  3. Elbows: Slightly in front of bar, not behind.
  4. Core: Squeezed tight. Ribs down, glutes engaged.

The Press

  • Path: Press bar in straight line. Move head back, not bar forward.
  • Lockout: Bar over mid-foot, arms locked, head through.
  • Lower: Controlled descent back to start position.
Common Mistakes

Excessive back arch (lower back strain), pressing bar forward (not over center of mass), flared elbows at start (inefficient), not locking out fully.

Pro Tip

Overhead press progress is slow. Adding 2.5lbs per month is great progress. Don't compare to bench gains — it's a different lift.

Practice pressing with empty bar focusing on bar path. Film from the side — bar should go straight up.

Injury Prevention: Train for Life

The best ability is availability. An injured lifter is a regressing lifter.

Most gym injuries aren't from single accidents. They're from accumulated bad habits — poor form, ego lifting, skipped warm-ups, ignored pain. Fix the habits, avoid the injuries.

The Injury Prevention Checklist

  • Warm up properly: 5-10 min general cardio, then light sets of your main lift.
  • Progress slowly: 2.5-5% weight increases maximum. Microplates exist for a reason.
  • Listen to pain: Sharp pain = stop. Dull ache = might be okay. Denial = future injury.
  • Balance your training: Push/pull ratio of 1:1 or 1:2. Neglecting back = shoulder injuries.
  • Sleep and recover: Tired muscles = poor form = injury. 7-9 hours minimum.
80%
Injuries from overuse
5-10
Warm-up minutes
1:2
Push:Pull ratio
When to Deload

Persistent joint pain, decreased performance for 2+ weeks, poor sleep, constant fatigue. Take a week at 50% weight. Your body will thank you.

Pro Tip

Can't afford physio? Most issues resolve with: rest, reduced intensity, more warm-up, and patience. Give it 2-3 weeks before panicking.

Audit your current routine: Are you warming up enough? Is push/pull balanced? Address one weakness this week.

Course Summary

Ready to Apply This?

Knowledge is useless without practice. Get in the gym and drill these cues.